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On free speech and the harms of conversion therapy

Debunked practice causes significant damage to youth

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(Blade file photo by Michael Key)

The Supreme Court recently heard oral arguments in Chiles v Salazar, regarding Colorado’s ban on conversion therapy practices. Media reports suggest that the conservative Supreme Court majority is inclined to strike down Colorado’s law. This would have a profound impact on 27 states, D.C., and Puerto Rico, as well as numerous municipalities, that have taken action to protect youth from this pseudo-science quackery. Many of these laws passed with significant bipartisan support. 

First, we should never predict how the court will rule, comments during oral arguments are not equal to the final opinion released by the court many months later. But we should challenge the premise of one issue that came up in oral arguments, about the evidence of the harm of conversion therapy. The New York Times reported on Justice Barrett’s question on if conversion therapy truly causes harm. I’m not sure that the evidence could be clearer or the medical consensus stronger. But Justice Alito questioned if the medical consensus was ideological. There is also a scientific consensus on gravity, and, for that matter, the efficacy of vaccines. But the attempt to disregard scientific evidence because some people disagree with it doesn’t make it less scientific. And yes, there have been times when the scientific consensus was ideologically driven, the eugenics movement comes to mind — and frankly the scientifically driven attempts at conversion therapy for more than a century. The scientific consensus today is based on the clear and unquestionable evidence of harm that results from past harms.

I led policy work at the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services in the Biden administration to safeguard youth from the harms of conversion therapy. The work we did in the Biden administration on this issue was significant. We prevented conversion therapy practices from being forced on youth in the foster care system and in runaway and homeless youth shelters across our nation. SAMSHA, the HHS division that addresses mental health and substance use, published a groundbreaking report outlining the mountain of evidence about how conversion therapy doesn’t work, and causes significant harm to youth. And on the global stage, HHS, State Department, Treasury, and USAID collaborated on a global plan to protect youth from conversion therapy practices around the world. 

Conversion therapy is proven to increase depression, self-harm, and suicidal ideation. In reality, it is nothing more than junk science. This is presented as a case about free speech, but it’s not. It’s a case about medical ethics. Can a licensed healthcare professional provide a discredited modality of treatment to minor patients, even when we know it doesn’t work and causes immense harm? Conversion therapy is wrong no matter how you slice it, and regardless of what the Supreme Court concludes sometime next year.

Free speech is a central tenet of American democracy, and one that we should always strive to uphold. For a number of years I served on the board of directors of the Pennsylvania affiliate of the ACLU – I believe in free speech and am wary of attempts to undermine it. Conversion therapy is not free speech. Perpetuating medical harm is not free speech. Healthcare providers are welcome to hold and share opinions in the public square, that is free speech. They can write op-eds, attend rallies, and present their views on social media. They have free speech. But when they share information in a clinical environment to their patients, there is an expectation that they share evidence-based information. This is basic medical ethics. This is “do no harm.”

Conversion therapy has taken many forms over the decades. Beginning in the 1800s as a response to efforts in Europe to shift away from criminalized homosexuality to a so-called cure, conversion therapy at times has appeared as chemical castration, frontal lobotomies, electro-shock therapy, “ex-gay” camps, and today it appears as a form of “Christian counseling.” Not all Christian counseling is conversion therapy, and there are a significant number of Christian denominations that have official stances against conversion therapy, joining every major medical and public health organization in discrediting conversion therapy. 

This case comes down to a simple question: can patients trust that the information their healthcare providers share with them is safe and grounded in evidence. My firm hope is that the Supreme Court agrees that the only fair-minded answer is “of course.”


Adrian Shanker is Senior Fellow at the Lehigh University College of Health. He served as Deputy Assistant Secretary for Health Policy at the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services in the Biden-Harris administration.

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Anti-science, anti-LGBTQ+ movements go hand in hand

HHS under RFK Jr. has blocked gender-affirming care for youth

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HHS Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. (Washington Blade photo by Michael Key)

A newborn baby died after contracting measles in Pennsylvania last month, and, as if it wasn’t enough grief for his parents, anti-vax activists are trying to track down and harass his family. Apparently, Gov. Josh Shapiro tangled with Robert F. Kennedy Jr. over his “inaccurate and misleading claims.”

On Aug. 26, RFK Jr., the secretary of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, declared that the deaths could be fabricated. We live in peculiar times, when it is government officials, not freaks on the internet, who are spreading conspiracy theories. The new spread of measles in the United States since Donald Trump came to power is one of the most shameful parts of the story of modern American politics, and the tragedy of parents who lost their baby because more and more people refused to vaccinate may seem absolutely unrelated to LGBTQ+ rights, but actually, there is a pretty solid connection.

Because RFK Jr., the same man who was fighting vaccination, promoted the false idea that vaccines caused autism, and even curated the anti-vaccine organization Children’s Health Defense before going into politics, is also a known opponent of transgender rights. Under his “leadership,” gender-affirming care for trans minors was banned, and there were also created new healthcare guidelines recognizing only two genders.

All around the globe, there is a weird correlation between anti-LGBTQ+ — particularly anti-trans — ideas and anti-science movements. And it should be clearer to the general public. People who are speaking against LGBTQ+ rights are not just threatening minorities. They are a danger to everyone.

The Trump-Vance administration is an iconic example of such tendencies. 

Trump himself is a known critic of modern scientific studies — for example, believing in the same anti-vax conspiracies that Kennedy promoted, and showing obvious skepticism that global warming exists, despite all the evidence that has been shown by climatologists. And he is also a man who used trans people as boogeymen. Under his command, trans people were kicked out of the military. And even worse, recently he made an extremely chilling statement about the 2026 midterm elections, urging voters to “pretend I’m on the ballot” and vote for Republicans, and while discussing what he says is at stake, he said that if Republicans win, “transgenderism” will “end.” This is an offensive statement at best and genocidal at worst.

And, of course, I think everyone remembers the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE), which was led by infamous billionaire Elon Musk, who announced to the world that he would destroy the “woke mind virus” that killed his child just because his trans daughter, Vivian Wilson, well, is happy to be a trans person.

DOGE is known not just for cancelling academic research around LGBTQ+ studies and gender studies. No, this agency abruptly canceled and froze thousands of federal science, research, and health grants, attacking such vital health programs as cancer research, vaccination research, and diabetes research, among others. As you can see, they are not just attacking people who are “affected” by the “mind” virus — they are dangerous to everyone, even if most of the public standing of Musk was around his anti-trans politics and he tried to present himself as a pro-science, pro-progress man by supporting the space industry.

An even more vivid example is the so-called Dark Enlightenment movement. 

This extremely reactionary political movement was born in the late 2000s, and originally grew from very democratical classical liberal ideas. Until it became anti-democratic itself. And also often It was created by American software engineer Curtis Yarvin (writing under the pseudonym Mencius Moldbug) and expanded by British philosopher Nick Land. The movement is popular among some Silicon Valley businessmen, and got support from PayPal founder Peter Thiel, and one of their main ideas is that modernity is bad. They are basically obscurantists, who see modern universities as part of “the Cathedral” — a system that, in their opinion, promotes equality and modern science that society doesn’t need. Of course, the movement’s followers are mostly anti-LGBTQ+ rights, and, as you can see, anti-queerness once again go hand in hand with obscurantism. Unfortunately, the movement got the support of extremely prominent politicians, including U.S. Vice President JD Vance. 

In his speech from 2021, Vance proved to be an obscurantist when he claimed that universities are the enemy. He is also a known homophobe and transphobe.

So, why are anti-vaxxers, people who oppose modern scientific studies, and people who hate universities more likely to be queerphobic? Why do the same people who are defending their transphobia by showing that they support common sense actually often show zero such sense when it comes to protecting themselves and their children from measles or decreasing the chances of getting cancer?

We don’t have any statistics or studies that show that all obscurantists are queerphobic, but around the globe, the same dynamic is visible.

In Russian anti-LGBTQ+ censorship, books about animal biology and zoology have been censored because the censors saw “LGBT propaganda” in them. The famous pro-Putin philosopher Alexander Dugin, who is extremely anti-queer, also speaks up against modernity itself.

In Taliban’s Afghanistan, modern science and LGBTQ+ rights are attacked at the same time.

Even in the UK, Reform UK is known as the most anti-trans and anti-queer party, and they are facing widespread criticism from scientists and medical experts for promoting climate change denial and anti-vaccine ideas. It doesn’t mean that LGBTQ+ supporters never believe in conspiracy theories or that progressive politicians always support science.

No, it just means that explicit anti-science and anti-LGBTQ+ statements often go hand in hand.

I think there are two reasons for this correlation.

First, LGBTQ+ people are real. You cannot deny that sex is not binary, gender and sex are different, and transition improves the quality of life of actual trans people. Or that same-sex relationships are natural, because even animals have same-sex sexual contacts. To deny it, you need an ideology or a conspiracy theory.

The second reason is that anti-scientific populism and anti-LGBTQ+ conspiracy theories are popular among the same category of people. It’s a “bundle” of ideas — a trend that conservative voters often adopt together. Studies also show that people who are likely to believe in one conspiracy theory are more likely to believe in another.

But the question is more broad. We don’t speak enough about the harm anti-scientific conspiracy theories and obscurantist politicians around the globe create for mankind in general. Not all people would suffer from a prohibition of hormone therapy, or attacks on same-sex marriage. But anti-global warming ideas, anti-vax advocates, and restrictions on modern research, especially medical research, are potentially dangerous to any human being.

And one of the best things LGBTQ+ activists could do is just show society that they are being used — that the same people who are stealing LGBTQ+ rights are also destroying medicine and the environment, and it’s a threat to their own traditional families and future of all kids no less than to queer people.

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Over 36,000 Angelenos unite for ‘Fighting the Oligarchy’ rally

Trans rights and immigration rights centered the rally ‘We are not going anywhere’

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Last weekend, over 36,000 people gathered in downtown Los Angeles to say: We see through the lies—and we won’t be divided. The rally was a powerful stand against authoritarianism, economic exploitation, and manufactured hate targeting trans people, immigrants, people of color and the working class. 

Senator Bernie Sanders and Representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez shouted: Trans rights are human rights!” in unison with the crowd.

AOC took the stage with fire in her voice and urgency in her message. 

“We must acknowledge the terrifying moment that we are in right now,” said AOC. “People we love are being targeted and harassed for being trans or queer.” 

Her words cut through the noise of political theater and reminded us that we are witnessing a calculated escalation—an attempt to test just how far hate and fascism can go.

“We have to stand together. We cannot be tempted to turn on our neighbors or be fooled into thinking that we are really that much different from a trans kid who wants to get accepted by their friends,” said AOC. “Hate is a trap that sinks us all.” She called for radical solidarity and rejected the politics of division, saying, “No matter your race, religion, gender identity, or status… if you are willing to fight for someone that you don’t know—you are welcome here.”

Senator Bernie Sanders also reminded us that this movement should be rooted in joy, even in the face of oppression. 

“We’re going to make our revolution with joy,” he declared. “We’re going to sing and dance our way to victory against hatred and divisiveness.” The crowd erupted when he added, “Your presence here today is making Donald Trump and Elon Musk very nervous.”

The rally was filled with chants, signs, laughter, tears and an unmistakable energy: the people are awake, and we are ready to fight back.

We spoke with Representative Pramila Jayapal, a progressive champion who’s led the fight for Medicare for All, labor rights, and immigrant justice—and who also happens to be the proud mother of a trans daughter.

“It’s all about kindness versus cruelty. It’s about making sure every single person has genuine economic and social freedom.” Jayapal spoke about the deep connection between the attacks on trans people and the broader goal of consolidating power. “They want absolute power. They want power to control who we are. They are afraid. My daughter said this to me: ‘Mom, they’re afraid that we are truly free, and they don’t know how to deal with that.’ And I think that’s true. I think they are afraid of our power.”

That fear is precisely why trans people—who make up only one to two percent of the population—have been made into scapegoats. Last year, Republicans spent over $215 million on  advertisements targeting the trans community. When I asked Jayapal what that level of investment reveals, she didn’t hold back.

“Trans kids didn’t hike your rent. Billionaires and private equity did. Trans kids didn’t take away your healthcare. Private, for-profit insurance companies and billionaires did. Trans kids didn’t raise the price of your groceries. Billionaires did that.”

She paused, then added with emotion, “It absolutely breaks my heart to see what I consider the most cruel bullying on a tiny portion of kids who are just trying to live their lives. Right now, the bullying is coming from the highest offices in the land. But I truly believe it shows how small they are—and how powerful we are.”

When I asked what gives her hope, especially as we face hundreds of anti-LGBTQ+ bills and executive orders across the country, she didn’t hesitate. 

“It’s the resilience of the community. It’s the love,” she said, her voice breaking as she spoke. “It’s the love of people across this country who are saying we are not forsaking our trans community. This is not just about trans people. This is about the right of every one of us to have the freedoms we deserve.” She spoke of the tens of thousands that have attended these rallies across the nation. 

“They are all ascribing to the same set of values, which is dignity and respect for everyone. That gives me hope every day,” she said. “And you too, Rose. You give me hope.”

This movement is about more than resisting fascism—it’s about confronting the systems that uphold it: corporate greed, white supremacy, and unchecked power. The fight for trans liberation is inseparable from the fight against oligarchy. Every attack on queer and trans people is a distraction—a cruel political strategy meant to divide us while the rich get richer and democracy erodes. But they underestimated us. They underestimated our joy, our power, our solidarity. The message in LA was clear: we are not going anywhere. We are not just resisting—we are imagining and building a better future together. And we are just getting started.

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Why is it important for cities to become LGBTQ sanctuary cities? 

This is not just a win, it is a small, but monumental stride toward progress, representation and protection

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(Canva graphic by Gisselle Palomera)

When a city passes the motion to make their city an LGBTQ sanctuary city, it means that city or state resources cannot be used to prosecute or punish LGBTQ people for seeking gender-affirming care, resources or government assistance. 

As many of us know, there are three major levels of government: local, state and federal. 

City motions set a precedent for the state, adding local representation on a small scale that hypothetically catches on and makes its way up the ladder to the state, then federal level. 

Though the Trump administration holds a lot of power on a federal level, states, cities and municipalities hold power on a level that is easier for local communities to change and control. If cities across the state begin passing motions to become LGBTQ sanctuary cities, the state then has to consider passing the motion to become a sanctuary state. If the majority of states consider themselves sanctuary states, it pushes the change on a national, or federal, level. 

At first glance, it seems like the move for a city to consider itself an LGBTQ sanctuary city is not a big deal because there is no financial flow in the motion and there are no special funds to be allocated. The only visible change is the new title the city gets to claim. However, passing motions in favor of LGBTQ rights, is crucial toward the longer and harder journey to attain rights on a national level. It is a far more nuanced issue than what it seems. 

If that same logic were to hold up when it comes to statewide decisions, then it could become easy to dismantle progress made on any level. 

The Advocate published an article in November when the City of Los Angeles unanimously passed the ordinance to become an LGBTQ sanctuary city. Passing the ordinance means that the city is now responsible for “shielding queer youth who travel to the city to receive gender-affirming care from prosecution, as well as preventing city resources from being used in immigration enforcement or assisting federal immigration officials.”

During the November 2024 election, Proposition 3 made it on the ballot and Californians had the choice of voting in favor or against the proposition that would only change the outdated language of the California state constitution, that until recently did not recognize same-sex or interracial marriages. To some, the change seemed meaningless, but on a statewide level, passing this proposition meant cementing the progress made on the protection of same-sex and interracial marriages. Though the proposition had no money flow in the matter, this important move signaled the support of the state in favor of LGBTQ rights on a state level. 

While California is already a sanctuary state, it is also crucial to recognize protections and rights in individual cities. During these unprecedented and uncertain times in LGBTQ history, it is more crucial than ever to push for these changes. 

When one city makes the move to become a sanctuary city, others follow and LGBTQ representation becomes more visible on a government level. 

In November, shortly after Trump was elected as the 47th president of the United States, Los Angeles declared itself an LGBTQ sanctuary city. 

Now, Long Beach has followed suit and has unanimously approved a resolution to make the city a transgender sanctuary city and officially recognize March 31 as Trans Day of Visibility. 

There are a growing number of LGBTQ sanctuary cities across the nation. In California, the list of cities includes San Francisco, Sacramento, West Hollywood, Los Angeles and most recently, Long Beach

Other cities, including Boston, Massachusetts; Olympia, Washington; Cambridge, Massachusetts and others across the nation have also recently declared their status in support of LGBTQ people.

This is not just a win – it is a small, but monumental stride toward progress, representation and protection. We need more cities to push motions to become sanctuaries for queer and transgender people as the current administration continues to use queer and trans people as political pawns in the chess game rigged for the alt-right. 

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Cory Booker’s missed moral moment

Imagine if trans stories had been part of historic speech

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Sen. Cory Booker (D-N.J.) shakes the hand of HRC President Kelley Robinson before a hearing of the United States Senate Judicial Committee on June 21, 2023. Harleigh Walker, seated the center of the photograph, testifies in the hearing. (Washington Blade file photo by Michael Key)

New Jersey Sen. Cory Booker sounded joyous, energetic, and heartfelt during his historic 25-hour, five-minute Senate floor speech.  

Like millions of others watching the April 1 conclusion of his marathon homily for everyday people, I spontaneously burst into applause when he crossed the threshold and broke segregationist Strom Thurmond’s racist filibuster record against the Civil Rights Act of 1957. Booker called Thurmond’s 68-year record a “strange shadow” hanging over the Senate.

Booker’s surprise anti-Trump fest, perhaps a predicate for another presidential bid, was a Democratic demonstration of “doing something” in homage to his late mentor, civil rights hero John Lewis’s call to create “good trouble.”

“I rise tonight with the intention of disrupting the normal business of the United States Senate for as long as I am physically able,” Booker said in his opening remarks. “These are not normal times in our nation. And they should not be treated as such in the United States Senate. The threats to the American people and American democracy are grave and urgent and we all must do more to stand against them.”

Unlike others who offer up the usual stale talking points, Booker said, “I rise tonight because to be silent at this moment of national crisis would be a betrayal, and because at stake in this moment is nothing less than everything that makes us who we are,” including “that everyone’s rights will be equally protected and everyone will be held equally accountable under the law.”

Booker’s message was clear: “This is a moral moment in America. What are we going to do?”

It’s a question poking at the conscience of people who believe in fairness. For instance, podcaster Joe Rogan questioned the deportation of a gay hairdresser to a prison camp in El Salvador.  

“The thing is, like, you got to get scared that people who are not criminals are getting, like, lassoed up and deported and sent to, like, El Salvador prisons,” Rogan said on Saturday. “This is kind of crazy that that could be possible. That’s horrific. And that’s, again, that’s bad for the cause. The cause is: Let’s get the gang members out. Everybody agrees. But let’s not, innocent gay hairdressers, get lumped up with the gangs.”

In Wisconsin, voters were so angry at unelected DOGE head billionaire Elon Musk blatantly handing out money to generate interest in a state Supreme Court race, they elected liberal Dane County Judge Susan Crawford over Trump-endorsed Waukesha County Judge Brad Schimel in the $100 million contest, the most expensive court race in U.S. history.

“As a little girl growing up in Chippewa Falls, I never imagined I’d be taking on the richest man in the world for justice in Wisconsin — and we won,” Crawford told supporters after her 55 percent to 45 percent victory early Wednesday.

Crawford won despite a last minute anti-trans attack ad. “Let transitioning male teachers use my girls’ bathrooms at school? Allow boys to compete against them in sports? Giving puberty-blocking drugs to children without parents’ consent?,” a woman says in the ad. “That’s who Susan Crawford sides with, and I’m not OK with any of it.”

Apparently Trump’s endorsement and Musk’s millions were not enough to push Schimel to victory; they needed to play the anti-trans card. Crawford’s campaign responded with her own hard-hitting ad that ends with: “I’m Judge Susan Crawford, and I’ll always follow the law and use common sense to decide what’s right.”

Was the last minute play with identity politics helpful or a moot distraction? Many old Democratic politicos want to get rid of identity politics and focus on the issues – as if the two aren’t intertwined.  

Indeed, Cory Booker’s symbolism-caked epic discourse illustrated how identity is the beating heart of politics for anyone who’s not a white straight Christian man.    

“We have to redeem the dream,” Booker said. “We have to excite people again. He, in the highest office of our land, wants to divide us against ourselves, wants to make us afraid, wants to make us fear so much that we’re willing to violate people’s fundamental rights.”

And yet, other than a quick reference to Stonewall, Booker forgot us during his 25 hours telling stories of regular people. He forgot Harleigh Walker who testified before the Senate Judiciary Committee about being a trans 16-year-old needing gender-affirming care in Auburn, Ala.

At the June 21, 2023 hearing Protecting Pride: Defending the Civil Rights of LGBTQ+ Americans, Booker talked about being a leader on the Equality Act with John Lewis leading in the House.  

Lewis, a “Christian, Southern, Black, elder man,” would say that “these [discrimination] issues are so similar to what he was dealing with…Is there a line that goes through about the basic right to be an American and have equal rights?” Booker asked Human Rights Campaign President Kelley Robinson.

“A lot of Americans don’t understand how widespread the bullying and the threats and the violence are,” Booker said. “Something’s happened in the last decade, of this rise of threats and bullying and violence and murder of LGBTQ Americans at levels that are frightening to me.”

Addressing Harleigh Walker, Booker said: “I don’t think most Americans understand what it’s like to try to just live your truth for the average American that is LGBTQ or trans. Could you just tell…how it feels just to be a teenager, living your life as you do?”

“It definitely is a struggle, day to day,” Walker said. “Growing up in a conservative state where there is a lot of misinformation spread about what trans people are, what we do, and how we’re just like everybody else, it’s definitely been hard for me. Like I said in my testimony, I was severely bullied in middle school to the point where I had to drop out of public school because there was so much hate every day in the hallways, being misgendered, being deadnamed, and it got to physical violence at a certain point. And so I had to drop out of public school for that year, and the school wasn’t doing anything about it.”

Booker closed with: “If this is about protecting our children, the stories of Ms. Walker and other trans children — it just needs to be heard about what you’re enduring.”

Imagine if trans stories had been heard as part of Booker’s incredible “Moral Moment” speech. Maybe millions more would have awakened to the idea of fairness and equality for ALL.

Karen Ocamb is the former news editor for the Los Angeles Blade and Frontiers. She is currently working on a new LGBTQ+ Freedom Fighters project.

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